Fatty acid metabolism

Fatty acid metabolism is how the body breaks down fats to produce energy. When energy is needed, stored fats are released from fat cells and transported to cells, where enzymes convert them into smaller molecules called fatty acids and glycerol. These fatty acids undergo a process called beta-oxidation in the mitochondria (the cell's power plants), shortening them and generating molecules that enter energy-producing pathways. This process provides a slow, steady source of energy, especially during fasting or extended exercise, and helps regulate fat levels in the body.