Erythropoietin (EPO)

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a hormone produced mainly by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, the kidneys release EPO, prompting the body to create more red blood cells to improve oxygen transport. This process is vital for maintaining healthy oxygen levels in tissues and organs. EPO is also used as a medication to treat certain conditions, like anemia, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease or those undergoing chemotherapy.