Equation of State

An equation of state is a mathematical relationship that connects various properties of a substance, such as pressure, volume, and temperature. In simpler terms, it describes how a gas, liquid, or solid behaves under different conditions. For example, the ideal gas law is a well-known equation of state for gases, which states that the product of pressure and volume is proportional to the temperature of the gas. These equations help scientists and engineers predict how materials will respond when conditions change, which is crucial in fields like chemistry, physics, and engineering.