epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process where certain cells change from a structured, stationary form (epithelial) to a more flexible, mobile form (mesenchymal). This transformation enables cells to move freely, which is essential during wound healing and development. In cancer, EMT allows tumor cells to invade surrounding tissues and spread (metastasize). The process involves changes in cell structure, gene expression, and how cells stick together, making it a critical area of study for understanding growth, healing, and disease progression.