DNA replication

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before it divides. The double helix unwinds, exposing the strands. Enzymes called helicases separate the two strands, and others called DNA polymerases add new matching nucleotides to each template strand. This results in two identical DNA molecules, each with one original strand and one new strand. This precise copying ensures genetic information is accurately passed from cell to cell, fundamental for growth, development, and maintenance.