discovery of the top quark

The top quark, a fundamental particle in the universe, was discovered in 1995 at the Fermilab accelerator in the United States. Scientists used powerful particle collisions to create conditions similar to those just after the Big Bang. Within these collisions, they detected signs of the top quark, which is unique for being the heaviest of all quarks. Its discovery completed the "Standard Model" of particle physics, providing deeper insights into the building blocks of matter and the forces that govern them. Understanding the top quark helps scientists explore the fundamental nature of the universe.