collective motion

Collective motion refers to the way groups of individuals, such as animals, people, or particles, move together as a cohesive unit. This phenomenon can be seen in nature, like schools of fish swimming in sync or flocks of birds changing direction as one. In human terms, it can manifest in crowds at events, protests, or during evacuations. The dynamics arise from simple local interactions among members, leading to complex group behaviors. Understanding collective motion helps in various fields, including biology, physics, and social sciences, as it sheds light on cooperation, coordination, and how patterns emerge in groups.