chips manufacturing

Chip manufacturing involves creating tiny computer processors and circuits that power electronic devices. The process begins with a silicon wafer, which is cut from pure silicon crystals. Engineers design intricate patterns of circuits using photolithography, where light is used to etch these designs onto the wafer. Then, materials are layered, doped, and etched to form transistors and connections. The finished chips are tested for quality and packaged for use in everything from smartphones to cars. This high-tech process requires precision, advanced materials, and cleanroom environments to prevent contamination and ensure functionality.