British India (History)

British India refers to the period from the mid-18th century until 1947 when the British Empire controlled much of the Indian subcontinent. After gaining control through trade and military power, the British established direct rule following the 1857 rebellion. This era saw significant economic, social, and political changes, including infrastructure development and social reforms, but also exploitation and famine. Nationalist movements grew, leading to demands for independence. Ultimately, India gained freedom in 1947, resulting in the partition into two separate nations: India and Pakistan, marking the end of British colonial rule in the region.