Boltzmann, Ludwig

Ludwig Boltzmann was an Austrian physicist known for his foundational contributions to the field of statistical mechanics, which explains how the properties of atoms and molecules relate to the macroscopic properties of materials. He developed the Boltzmann equation, which describes how the distribution of particles in a gas changes over time. His work helped link the microscopic behavior of individual particles to the overall behavior of gases, contributing to our understanding of thermodynamics. Boltzmann's theories laid the groundwork for modern physics and are crucial for understanding phenomena in chemistry and material science.