Birkeland Currents

Birkeland currents are electric currents that flow along magnetic field lines in space, particularly in the Earth's magnetosphere. Named after Norwegian scientist Kristian Birkeland, these currents are crucial in understanding auroras, as they channel solar wind energy into the Earth's atmosphere. They occur in large loops, connecting the Earth's surface to the ionosphere. These currents can influence satellite operations and space weather, affecting communication systems and power grids on Earth. Essentially, Birkeland currents are a key player in the complex interplay between the solar wind and the Earth's magnetic field.