Biological diversity

Biological diversity, or biodiversity, refers to the variety of life on Earth, encompassing different species of plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. It includes the genetic differences within these species and the ecosystems they form. Biodiversity is crucial for ecosystems to function effectively, providing essential services such as clean air and water, pollination of crops, and climate regulation. High biodiversity increases resilience to environmental changes, while a loss of biodiversity can lead to ecosystem collapse and reduced human well-being. Protecting biodiversity is vital for sustainable development and the health of our planet.