benthic macroinvertebrates

Benthic macroinvertebrates are small animals without a backbone, such as insects, worms, and crustaceans, that live on the bottom of rivers, lakes, and streams. They play a vital role in aquatic ecosystems by breaking down organic materials, serving as food for fish and other wildlife, and helping to indicate water quality. Because they are sensitive to pollution and habitat changes, studying these organisms can provide valuable insights into the health of aquatic environments. Their presence and diversity are key indicators of the ecosystem's overall condition.