Bankfull discharge

Bankfull discharge refers to the maximum flow of water a river can carry before overflowing its banks. This state typically occurs during heavy rainfall or snowmelt when the river's volume fills to the point where it rises to the top of the riverbanks. At this level, water begins to spread into adjacent floodplains, helping to nourish ecosystems. Understanding bankfull discharge is essential for managing flood risks, designing bridges and levees, and maintaining healthy river habitats. It reflects the natural ebb and flow of water in a river system, indicating its capacity to transport sediment and support life.