Assumptions of ANOVA

ANOVA, or Analysis of Variance, relies on several key assumptions. First, it assumes that the data from each group is normally distributed, meaning they follow a bell-shaped curve. Second, the variances among the groups should be approximately equal, which ensures a fair comparison. Third, the samples must be independent; the outcome of one group should not affect another. Lastly, the observations should be measured at least on an interval scale. Meeting these assumptions helps ensure the ANOVA results are valid and reliable for comparing group means.