Alpha particles (nuclear physics)

Alpha particles are a type of radiation emitted during the decay of certain atomic nuclei. They consist of two protons and two neutrons, which makes them relatively heavy compared to other types of radiation, like beta particles or gamma rays. Because of their charge and mass, alpha particles can travel only a short distance and can be stopped by a sheet of paper or the outer layer of human skin. However, if ingested or inhaled, they can cause significant damage to internal tissues, making them a concern in nuclear safety and health.