Alpha particles in Nuclear Physics

Alpha particles are a type of subatomic particle that consist of two protons and two neutrons, essentially making them a helium nucleus. They are emitted during a process called alpha decay, where unstable atomic nuclei release these particles to become more stable. Alpha particles are positively charged and relatively heavy compared to other radiation types, like beta particles or gamma rays. While they have low penetration power and can be stopped by paper or skin, they can cause significant damage to living tissue if ingested or inhaled, highlighting their importance in nuclear physics and safety.