Alkaloid biosynthesis

Alkaloid biosynthesis is the process by which plants produce complex nitrogen-containing compounds called alkaloids. These molecules are made through a series of chemical reactions involving amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Enzymes in the plant modify amino acids to form alkaloids, often as a defense mechanism against pests or to attract pollinators. The process involves specific pathways that transform initial amino acids into diverse alkaloids with biological activities, such as medicinal drugs or toxins. Overall, alkaloid biosynthesis is a sophisticated biochemical process that enables plants to create compounds vital for their survival and interaction with the environment.