Acid Mine Drainage (AMD)

Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) is a harmful environmental issue that occurs when water, usually rain or surface water, flows over or through metal mines and coal mines, dissolving sulfur and metals from the rock. This creates toxic, acidic water that can contaminate nearby rivers and ecosystems. AMD can harm aquatic life, reduce water quality, and affect local communities. Addressing AMD involves managing mine waste and treating contaminated water to minimize its environmental impact, making it an important aspect of responsible mining practices.