18th century European history

The 18th century in Europe was a period of significant change marked by the Enlightenment, which emphasized reason, science, and individual rights. It saw the rise of influential thinkers like Voltaire and Rousseau. Political upheavals occurred, including the American Revolution (1775-1783) and the beginnings of the French Revolution (1789), challenging monarchies and traditional authority. Additionally, Europe was shaped by wars, including the Seven Years' War, and colonial expansion. This era laid the groundwork for modern democracy and social change, profoundly impacting governance, society, and culture across the continent and beyond.