Z-score

A Z-score is a statistical measure that indicates how far a data point is from the average, expressed in terms of standard deviations. If a Z-score is 0, it means the data point is exactly at the average. A positive Z-score means the data point is above average, while a negative Z-score means it is below average. Essentially, the Z-score helps you understand how unusual or typical a particular value is compared to a set of data, making it useful in fields like finance, psychology, and various scientific research.