Yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)

A Yeast Artificial Chromosome (YAC) is a laboratory-created DNA molecule used to clone large pieces of genetic material. It mimics the natural chromosomes found in yeast cells, allowing scientists to insert, replicate, and study extensive DNA sequences. Because of their ability to carry large fragments, YACs are valuable for mapping complex genomes, such as human DNA, aiding in genetic research, disease study, and gene therapy development. They function within yeast cells, which act as biological factories, ensuring stable maintenance and replication of these large DNA constructs.