Year Without a Summer

The Year Without a Summer occurred in 1816, caused mainly by the massive eruption of Mount Tambora in Indonesia the previous year. The eruption released vast amounts of volcanic ash and gases into the atmosphere, which spread worldwide and reflected sunlight away from Earth. This led to a significant cooling of global temperatures, resulting in crop failures, food shortages, and unusual weather patterns such as cold summers and heavy rain. The event disrupted normal climatic conditions across much of Europe and North America, causing widespread hardship and impacting agriculture and daily life.