Wu Zetian's reign (690-705)

Wu Zetian was the only woman to rule China as emperor, reigning from 690 to 705. She initially served as a consort and empress consort before consolidating power, ultimately declaring herself emperor of the Tang Dynasty. Her reign was marked by efforts to strengthen the central government, promote Buddhism, and implement reforms that favored talented officials. Wu was a shrewd and strategic leader, navigating political rivalries and reducing the influence of aristocratic families. Her rule brought stability and expansion, but also controversy due to her ruthless methods. She remains a notable and complex figure in Chinese history.