Wood decomposition

Wood decomposition is the natural process where organic matter, like fallen trees or dead branches, breaks down over time. Specialized microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria play key roles by breaking down complex components like cellulose and lignin into simpler substances. This process releases nutrients back into the soil, supporting plant growth and maintaining ecological balance. Factors like moisture, temperature, and presence of decomposers influence the rate of decomposition. Overall, wood decomposition is essential for nutrient cycling, soil formation, and sustaining healthy ecosystems.