William S. Gosset (Student)

William S. Gosset, known by the pseudonym "Student," was a British statistician famous for developing the t-test, a statistical method used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups. Working in the early 20th century for the Guinness brewery, he faced limitations on publishing under his real name. His work helped advance statistical methods and made them accessible for smaller sample sizes, contrasting with previous techniques that required larger data sets. The term "Student's t-distribution" is named after him, reflecting his lasting impact on statistics and research methodology.