Wave-function collapse

Wave-function collapse is a concept in quantum physics describing how a quantum system transitions from multiple possibilities to a single definite state when observed or measured. Before measurement, particles like electrons are described by a wave function representing all possible positions or states simultaneously. Upon observation, this wave function "collapses," meaning the particle assumes a specific position or state. This process highlights the role of measurement in quantum mechanics and how the act of observing influences the behavior of tiny particles, connecting the probabilistic nature of quantum systems to definite outcomes we observe.