Vyāpti

Vyāpti refers to the logical connection or universal relation between a cause and its effect. It is a foundational concept in Indian logic used to establish proof or validity. Essentially, it means that when a particular property (like warmth) reliably appears whenever its cause (fire) is present, a Vyāpti exists. This link helps to confirm that the cause genuinely produces the effect, enabling sound inference. Without Vyāpti, conclusions might be fallacious. It ensures that reasoning about causal relationships is based on consistent, observable connections, forming the basis for rational inference and scientific understanding.