vortex dynamics

Vortex dynamics refers to the behavior of swirling patterns of fluid, like whirlpools or tornadoes. When fluid moves quickly around an obstacle or changes direction, it creates these rotating regions called vortices. They can form, move, stretch, or interact with each other depending on flow conditions. Understanding vortex dynamics helps explain many natural phenomena and improves designs in engineering, such as aircraft wings and turbines, by predicting how swirling flows develop and influence the surrounding fluid or structures. Essentially, it studies how and why fluid spins and how those spins evolve over time.