voltage-controlled devices

Voltage-controlled devices are electronic components that change their behavior based on the electrical voltage applied to them. Essentially, the voltage acts like a control signal that determines how the device functions—such as turning on, adjusting brightness, or modulating signal strength. Examples include voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) in radios, which produce different frequencies depending on the input voltage. These devices enable precise control over electronic systems without needing mechanical parts, allowing for efficient and flexible operation in applications like communication, audio processing, and automation.