Vertisol

Vertisol is a type of soil characterized by its high clay content, which can shrink and expand significantly with changes in moisture. This unique behavior creates deep cracks when dry and a sticky, plastic texture when wet. Found in regions with alternating wet and dry seasons, such as parts of Africa, India, and the U.S. Great Plains, Vertisols are quite fertile and often support crops like cotton and sugarcane. However, their properties can make land management challenging, as they can become hard and compacted when dry, affecting soil structure and agricultural productivity.