Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a virus responsible for causing chickenpox initially, typically in children, which results in an itchy, blister-like rash. After recovery, the virus stays inactive in nerve cells near the spinal cord and brain. Later in life, it can reactivate, causing shingles, which presents as a painful, localized skin rash often on one side of the body. VZV is highly contagious through respiratory droplets and contact with rash fluid. Vaccination can prevent chickenpox and reduce the risk of shingles, and antiviral treatments can help manage symptoms if reactivation occurs.