Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1)

Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1) is a protein produced by certain strains of bacteria, primarily Staphylococcus aureus. This toxin acts as a superantigen, overstimulating the immune system, leading to a sudden and severe immune response. This response causes symptoms such as high fever, low blood pressure, rash, and multi-organ failure in extreme cases. TSST-1 is often associated with tampon use, but can also result from other bacterial infections. Understanding TSST-1 is important because controlling the bacterial source and prompt treatment can prevent serious, life-threatening complications.