Tornadogenesis

Tornadogenesis is the process by which a tornado forms from a thunderstorm. It typically occurs when strong winds at different heights in the storm create a rotating column of air called a mesocyclone. As this rotation intensifies and stretches vertically, it can extend downward toward the ground. If the rotation reaches the ground and persists, a tornado is born. Factors such as wind shear (changes in wind speed and direction with height), warm moist air, and atmospheric instability all contribute to the development of this rotating column. Tornadogenesis is complex and sensitive to specific environmental conditions within severe thunderstorms.