Topological Insulators

Topological insulators are special materials that act like insulators in their interior but conduct electricity on their surface. This unique behavior arises from the material's electronic structure, which is protected by topological properties; these are aspects that remain unchanged even when the material is deformed in certain ways. This protection makes the surface states robust against impurities and disruptions. Topological insulators have potential applications in advanced electronics and quantum computing due to their unique properties, enabling more efficient and stable electronic devices.