Thermodynamic Laws

Thermodynamic laws describe how energy moves and changes in physical systems. The first law states energy conservation: energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed—for example, burning fuel converts chemical energy into heat and work. The second law explains that natural processes tend to increase disorder (entropy), meaning systems move toward equilibrium and less usable energy. The third law states that as temperature approaches absolute zero, a system’s entropy approaches a constant minimum. Together, these laws govern everything from engines and refrigerators to weather and biological processes, providing a fundamental framework for understanding energy flow in the universe.