Theory of Continental Drift

The Theory of Continental Drift suggests that Earth's continents were once connected as a single landmass called Pangaea and have since moved apart over millions of years. This movement is driven by the Earth's outer layer, the crust, which is divided into large plates that float on the semi-fluid mantle beneath. These plates shift due to forces like heat convection within the Earth. Evidence supporting this includes matching coastlines, similar fossils found on different continents, and geological similarities across continents. The theory helps explain how continents have changed positions and the distribution of andes, fossils, and mountain ranges worldwide.