Theories of quantum gravity

Quantum gravity is a theoretical framework aiming to reconcile the principles of quantum mechanics, which governs the tiny particles of the universe, with general relativity, which explains gravity's effects on large scales, like planets and galaxies. Current theories, such as string theory and loop quantum gravity, propose that space and time may have a discrete structure at the smallest scales, similar to atoms forming matter. Understanding quantum gravity could help explain phenomena like black holes and the universe's behavior during the Big Bang, ultimately providing a unified understanding of all fundamental forces in nature.