The Wars of Scottish Independence

The Wars of Scottish Independence (late 13th to early 14th centuries) were conflicts between Scotland and England over Scotland’s sovereignty. After the death of King Alexander III, disputes over succession led to English attempts to control Scotland. Key figures like William Wallace and Robert the Bruce fought to restore Scottish independence, culminating in battles like Stirling Bridge and Bannockburn. The wars resulted in Scotland maintaining its independence, formalized by the Treaty of Edinburgh in 1328, marking a significant assertion of national identity and sovereignty against English domination.