The Union between Sweden and Norway

The Union between Sweden and Norway, established in 1814, was a political arrangement where Norway retained its own constitution, laws, and institutions but shared a common monarch and foreign policy with Sweden. This union lasted until 1905, when Norway peacefully dissolved it, gaining full independence. The union allowed the two countries to cooperate on defense and diplomacy while maintaining separate governance, reflecting a balance between unity and autonomy. It was a pragmatic solution following the Napoleonic Wars, shaping their modern relationship and national identities.