The Stress-Strain Curve

The stress-strain curve is a graphical representation that shows how materials respond to applied forces. Stress measures the force per unit area on a material, while strain measures the deformation or change in shape that occurs. The curve typically has several key phases: the initial linear region, where the material stretches easily; the yield point, where permanent deformation starts; and the ultimate tensile strength, the maximum stress the material can handle before breaking. This curve helps engineers and designers understand material properties, ensuring they choose the right materials for safety and performance in various applications.