The Second Treatise of Government

The Second Treatise of Government, written by John Locke, argues that governments are formed through the consent of the governed to protect natural rights—life, liberty, and property. Locke believes individuals initially live in a state of nature where rights are freely held, but to better secure these rights, they establish a government. This government must operate with limited power, consent, and accountability, and can be overthrown if it fails to protect citizens’ rights. Lockean ideas emphasize individual freedom, the importance of law, and the belief that legitimate authority derives from the people's agreement.