The Monty Hall problem

The Monty Hall problem is a probability puzzle based on a game show scenario. You choose one of three doors, behind one of which is a prize, while the others hide goats. The host, who knows what’s behind the doors, opens one of the other two doors to reveal a goat. You then have the option to stick with your original choice or switch to the remaining unopened door. Surprisingly, switching gives you a 2/3 chance of winning the prize, while staying retains only a 1/3 chance, highlighting how intuition can often misguide our understanding of probability.