The Judiciary Act of 1789

The Judiciary Act of 1789 was a landmark law that established the federal court system in the United States. It created the Supreme Court, defined its jurisdiction, and set up lower federal courts. The Act specified the number of justices on the Supreme Court and outlined the process for appointing judges. It was crucial for establishing a functioning judiciary that could interpret laws, resolve disputes, and uphold the Constitution, thereby ensuring that the rule of law was maintained across the new nation. This legislation laid the groundwork for the American legal system as we know it today.