The Four Schools of Sunni Islam

The Four Schools of Sunni Islam—Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi’i, and Hanbali—are major legal traditions that interpret Islamic teachings differently but share core beliefs. They developed in different regions and emphasize varying methods of understanding the Quran and Hadith (sayings of the Prophet). Hanafi, the oldest, is widespread in South Asia and Turkey, known for flexibility. Maliki, prevalent in North and West Africa, relies heavily on community practices. Shafi’i, common in Southeast Asia and East Africa, emphasizes strict Hadith following. Hanbali, mostly in Saudi Arabia, is conservative, prioritizing scriptural texts. Each provides a framework for daily practice and legal judgment.