The Classical School of Criminology

The Classical School of Criminology, developed in the 18th century, views crime as a rational choice made by individuals who weigh the benefits and risks. It emphasizes free will, personal responsibility, and the idea that people commit crimes after considering possible punishment. The approach advocates for fair, consistent laws and punishments to deter crime effectively. It shifted focus from divine or moral reasons for crime to human decision-making, suggesting that if punishments are certain, swift, and proportionate, they can prevent criminal behavior by discouraging rational offenders.