the cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the brain, often referred to as the "gray matter." It plays a crucial role in many high-level functions, including thinking, reasoning, memory, and problem-solving. It is also responsible for processing sensory information and controlling voluntary movements. The cortex is divided into four main areas, each associated with different functions: the frontal lobe (involved in decision-making and planning), the parietal lobe (sensory processing), the temporal lobe (hearing and memory), and the occipital lobe (vision). Its complex structure enables the brain's higher cognitive abilities.