The Cathars

The Cathars were a Christian sect that emerged in the 12th century in southern France, characterized by their dualistic beliefs, which viewed the material world as evil and the spiritual realm as good. They rejected the authority of the Catholic Church, believing in a more personal and direct connection to God. The Cathars lived simple lives, emphasizing purity and morality. Their beliefs and growing influence led to the Albigensian Crusade, initiated by the Catholic Church in the early 13th century, which aimed to eradicate Catharism, resulting in widespread violence and persecution. The movement eventually declined by the late 14th century.