terpenoids

Terpenoids are a large and diverse class of naturally occurring organic compounds formed from five-carbon building blocks called isoprene units. They are found in many plants, insects, and some microbes, contributing to characteristics like aroma, flavor, and pigmentation. Terpenoids play important roles in plant defense, attracting pollinators, and protecting against pests. They are also used in medicines, perfumes, and food additives due to their aromatic and therapeutic properties. Examples include menthol, camphor, and the compounds responsible for the fragrance of lavender and citrus.