Swara (musical term)

Swara is a fundamental musical element in Indian classical music, referring to the individual sounds or notes used in composition and improvisation. It is similar to the concept of notes in Western music but with specific names and tonal qualities unique to Indian tradition, such as Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, and Ni. Swaras serve as the building blocks of melodies (ragas) and are employed with precise intonations and expressions, reflecting intricate microtonal nuances. They form the foundation for melodic development, improvisation, and emotional expression in Indian music, essential for both performance and composition.